Jonathan Israel.
JONATHAN ISRAEL
SPINOZA: LIFE AND LEGACY (2023)
Baruch Spinoza (born 1632) was the most prominent philosopher of the Dutch Golden Age. He was born in Amsterdam to a family that had fled Portugal for the more liberal Dutch Republic.
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Jonathan Israel (born 1946) is a British historian specialising in the Age of Enlightenment and Spinoza’s philosophy. He read History at Queen’s College Cambridge, going on to obtain a D.Phil from the University of Oxford. He held posts at the University of Newcastle, the University of Hull, and University College London where he became Professor of Dutch History and Institutions. In 2001 he became Professor of Modern European History at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.
